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Generative Künstliche Intelligenz reduziert Nachfrage nach Freelance-Arbeit

Studie wertet über eine Million ausgeschriebene Aufträge für Freiberufler*innen auf Online-Plattform aus – Deutlich weniger Aufträge nach Einführung von ChatGPT und Co. – Potenzial für Produktivitätsgewinne und höheres Wirtschaftswachstum – Weiter- und Fortbildungsprogramme müssen Wandel der Arbeitswelt begleiten Generative Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) hat potenziell tiefgreifende Auswirkungen auf ...

Zufrieden mit sich selbst, unzufrieden mit dem Land

Untersuchungen zeigen: Die Deutschen sind zufriedener mit ihrer Lebenslage, als es so manche Umfrage suggeriert. Warum nur ist die Stimmung dann so mies? Die Stimmung in Deutschland scheint schlecht zu sein. Man hat das Gefühl, die deutsche Gesellschaft ist von einer mentalen Depression geprägt, so wie Bundespräsident Roman Herzog es 1997 monierte. Dieser Eindruck steht in starkem Kontrast zu wissenschaftlichen ...

(Re)Integrating Radioactive Materials and Waste into a Global Sustainable Development Context

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, established in 2015, aim to achieve global sustainability by 2030 through the improvement of environmental, social, and economic parameters. However, unlike earlier concepts such as the Agenda 21 of 1992, the SDGs overlook radioactive waste management and related challenges of radiation itself. First, we investigate the historic consideration ...

Measuring the Dunkelflaute: How (not) to Analyze Variable Renewable Energy Shortage

As variable renewable energy (VRE) sources increasingly gain importance in global energy systems, there is a growing interest in understanding periods of VRE shortage ('Dunkelflauten'). Defining, quantifying, and comparing such shortage events across different renewable generation technologies and locations presents a surprisingly intricate challenge. Various methodological approaches exist in different ...

Assessing the Measurement Quality of Justice Evaluations of Earnings in Europe

How individuals perceive the fairness of their pay carries profound implications for individuals and society. Perceptions of pay injustice are linked to a spectrum of negative outcomes, including diminished well-being, poor health, increased stress, and depressive symptoms, alongside various detrimental effects in the work domain. Despite the far-reaching impact of these justice evaluations, validity ...

The Performance of Multiple Imputation in Social Surveys with Missing Data from Planned Missingness and Item Nonresponse

Designs using planned missingness, such as the split questionnaire design, are becoming more and more important in social survey research. To ensure an acceptable questionnaire length, these approaches typically entail large amounts of planned missing data, which can be imputed after data collection. However, social surveys typically also include other types of missingness such as item nonresponse ...

External Costs of Water Pollution in the Drinking Water Supply Sector

Nitrate pollution from agricultural production is a major threat to water resources worldwide. This study quantifies the consequences of groundwater nitrate pollution for the drinking water supply sector by estimating the effect of groundwater nitrate pollution on the costs of water utilities. In doing so, we contribute to the estimation of the external costs of agricultural nonpoint pollution associated ...

Unlearn Co2: Zeit für eine Klima ohne Krise

Sovereign vs. Corporate Debt and Default: More Similar than You Think

Theory suggests that corporate and sovereign bonds are fundamentally different, also because sovereign debt has no bankruptcy mechanism and is hard to enforce. We show empirically that the two assets are more similar than you think, at least when it comes to high-yield bonds over the past 20 years. Based on rich new data we compare risky US corporate bonds (“junk” bonds) to risky emerging market sovereign ...

The Non-linear Impact of Risk Tolerance on Entrepreneurial Profit and Business Survival

Entrepreneurs tend to be risk tolerant but is higher risk tolerance always better? In a sample of about 2100 small businesses, we find an inverted U-shaped relation between risk tolerance and profitability. This relationship holds in a simple bilateral regression, and even after controlling for a large set of individual and business characteristics. Apparently, one major transmission goes from risk ...